verbs + to infinitive; make and let; verbs + -ing; verbs + to infinitive or -ing
CONTEXT LISTENING
Look at these pictures of necklaces.
Which necklace is made of wire and beads?
Which is made of leather and stones?
You are going to hear a man, Jeff, talking to two students, Garth and Mary, about making jewellery.
What is Mary’s reason for making jewellery?
What is Garth’s reason for making jewellery?
Which necklace does Mary make?
Which necklace does Garth make?
Listen again and fill in the gaps below.
… think about what you intend to do with it.
I don’t mind _____ something which isn’t completely perfect.
I suggest _____ with simple things.
I hate _____ heavy jewellery.
… remember _____ the weight.
I remember _____ some earrings for a customer.
She made _____lots of heavy stones.
I’ll let _____ .
Well, I plan _____ this one myself.
I’d like _____ these square black ones.
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Look at your answers and answer these questions.
Which verbs are followed by the to infinitive?
Which verbs are followed by an -ing form?
Which verb is in both lists?
Which verbs are not in either list?
Grammar
We often use one verb followed by another. The first verb decides the form of the second verb:
The second verb is usually either the to infinitive or the -ing form.
Verbs + to infinitive
Some verbs are followed by the to infinitive:
(can’t) afford
agree
aim
appear
arrange
choose
decide
demand
deserve
expect
Fail
hope
learn
manage
offer
plan
prepare
pretend
promise
refuse
seem
(can’t) wait
wish
I can’t afford to buy a lot of materials.
Do you hope to sell it?
For the negative we put not before to:
They agreed not to leave.
Some verbs are followed by the to infinitive and always have an object:
advise
encourage
force
invite
order
persuade
remind
teach
tell
warn
I’m going to teach you to make necklaces.
I advise students to make several things.
Some verbs are followed by the to infinitive and sometimes have an object:
ask
expect
help
intend
want
would like
would love
would hate
would prefer
We expect to be late. (= we will probably be late)
We expect Tomto be late. (= he will probably be late)
We would like to stay longer.
We would like them to stay longer.
would like and like
Remember the difference between would like and like:
Would you like to play tennis? (= an invitation to play)
Do you like playing tennis? (= asking about your opinion)
make and let
Make and let are followed by the infinitive without to.
They always have an object:
I’ll let you decide.
She made me use lots of heavy stones.
Verb + -ing
Some verbs are followed by the -ing:
avoid
carry on*
consider
delay
dislike
enjoy
feel like*
finish
give up*
imagine
involve
keep
keep on*
(not) mind
miss
practise
put off*
recommend
suggest
Avoid making heavy jewellery.
I suggest practising with simple things.
For the negative we put not before the -ing form:
Can you imagine not having a car nowadays?
Verbs followed by the to infinitive or -ing
These verbs are usually followed by -ing but sometimes by the to infinitive:
begin
continue
like
love
prefer
hate
start
He continued talking loudly.
He continued to talk loudly.
I prefer using a dictionary.
I prefer to use a dictionary.
Some verbs are followed by the to infinitive or -ing with a different meaning:
forget
Remember
try
stop
Remember
forget
try
stop
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